When talking about Neurodiversity, it is important to understand the language we are using. People will generally fall into one of two categories.
Neurotypical: This term describes individuals whose brain functions and information processing are considered typical or within the expected range of the majority population.
Or
Neurodivergent: This term refers to individuals whose brain functions and information processing differ from the “neurotypical” norm.
Examples of Neurodivergence:
Autism: Characterised by differences in social interaction, communication, and behaviour.
ADHD: Involves differences in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Dyslexia: A learning difference that primarily affects reading and spelling.
Dyscalculia: A learning difference that affects mathematical abilities.
Dyspraxia: A coordination disorder that can affect movement and coordination
Neurodivergent children are more likely to be in the care system than their neurotypical peers. In the UK, an estimated 80–83% of looked-after children have SEN—many with conditions tied to neurodivergence.
When supporting a neurodivergent child we look at the impact being neurodivergent has on the ability to engage in or complete everyday activities.
Parenting can be a challenging journey, but for those raising neurodivergent children, the difficulties can feel heavy. Managing dysregulated behaviours can be an everyday reality, including:
- Self-Harm
- Social Isolation
- Stigma and Misunderstanding
- Sensory Overload
- Communication Barriers
- Access to Services
- Transportation Challenges
Tips for supporting a child who is neurodivergent
Be a detective – what is the child trying to communicate to you? Speak to them with signs, gestures, facial expressions or Makaton. Pictures and charts can be a really helpful visual tool for communicating and measuring success.
When managing behaviour, ensure any consequences are linked to the original action. Use de-escalation techniques including distraction. Allow the child space to reset before addressing the problem.
Routines are helpful for all children in knowing what to expect and prepare themselves for. It allows you as parents to explore any patterns in behaviour and decipher whether they are linked to specific things such as bedtime or school.
Take advantage of training offered. You may need to be connected with a specialist, a support group or other parents/carers who can offer support.
What works for one child may not work for another. Patience, empathy and flexibility will always work for children. Be open to learning and trying different strategies until you find the one that fits you and your child.
Support at Home:
Create a Safe Space: Provide a space where the child feels comfortable being themselves and where their unique needs are met.
Respect Preferences: Acknowledge and accommodate sensory sensitivities (e.g., light, sound, textures) and dietary needs.
Encourage Interests: Allow time for hobbies and activities that align with their passions.
Promote Calm: Engage in calming activities like drawing, listening to music, or spending time in nature.
Teach Coping Strategies: Help the child develop strategies for managing difficult emotions and situations.
Develop Social Skills: Provide opportunities for social interaction and teach social skills in a supportive environment.
Things to remember
- Validate Feelings: Listen to the child’s perspective and acknowledge their emotions.
- Focus on Strengths: Celebrate the child’s unique abilities and talents.
- Promote Self-Advocacy: Encourage the child to express their needs and advocate for themselves.
- Be Patient and Compassionate: Understand that supporting a neurodiverse child requires patience, understanding, and a commitment to their well-being.
- Seek Professional Help: Don’t hesitate to seek support from professionals specialising in neurodevelopmental conditions.
Key Resources and Organisations:
National Autistic Society: Provides support, information, and resources for autistic individuals and their families.
The Neurodiversity Hub: Offers advice and guidance on a range of neurodevelopmental conditions.
The Neurodiverse Family Support Network: Offers practical support, advice, and resources for families of neurodivergent children.
Action for Children: Provides resources and support for families navigating neurodiversity.